Nutrient Requirements of Chickens and Turkeys

Tables from Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 8th revised edition, 1984, National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Ave., N.W. Washington, DC 20418.
Conversion chart: 454 grams/lb; 1,000 grams/kilogram; 2.2 lbs./kilogram
Table 1. Body weights and feed requirements of broilers. * (Table is split into two sections.)

Weekly feed consumption (g)		Body Weights (g)		Age (weeks)
F	M	F	M	Age (weeks)
110	120	120	130	1
240	260	300	320	2
355	390	515	560	3
355	535	790	860	4
645	740	1,110	1,250	5
800	980	1,430	1,690	6
910	1,095	1,745	2,100	7
970	1,210	2,060	2,520	8
1,010	1,320	2,350	2,925	9

* Typical for broilers fed well-balanced diets containing 3,200 ME kcal/kg

Table 1. Body weights and feed requirements of broilers. * (Continued.)

Consumption (ME kcal/bird)		Cumulative energy consumption (ME kcal/bird)		Weekly energy Cumulative feed consumption (g)		Age (weeks)
F	M	F	M	F	M	Age (weeks)
350	385	350	385	110	120	1
1,120	1,215	770	830	350	380	2
2,255	2,465	1,135	1,250	705	770	3
3,855	4,175	1,600	1,710	1,205	1,305	4
5,920	6,545	2,065	2,370	1,850	2,045	5
8,480	9,680	2,560	3,135	2,650	3,025	6
11,390	13,185	2,910	3,505	3,560	4,120	7
14,495	17,055	3,105	3,870	4,530	5,330	8
17,725	21,280	3,230	4,225	5,540	6,650	9

* Typical for broilers fed well-balanced diets containing 3,200 ME kcal/kg

Conversion chart: 454 grams/lb; 1,000 grams/kilogram; 2.2 lbs./kilogram

Table 2. Nutrient requirements of leghorn-type chickens as percentages or as milligrams or units per kilogram of diet. (Table is split into two sections.)

Growing 14-20 weeks	Growing 6-14 weeks	Growing 0-6 weeks	Energy base
2,900	2,900	2,900	Kcal ME/kg diet *
12	15	18	Protein (%)
0.67	0.83	1.00	Arginine (%)
0.47	0.58	0.70	Glycine and serin (%)
0.17	0.22	0.26	Histidine (%)
0.40	0.50	0.60	Isoleucine (%)
0.67	0.83	1.00	Leucine (%)
0.45	0.60	0.85	Lysine (%)
0.40	0.50	0.60	Methionine + cystine (%)
0.20	0.25	0.30	Methionine (%)
0.67	0.83	1.00	Phenylalanine + tyrosine (%)
0.36	0.45	0.54	Phenylalanine (%)
0.37	0.57	0.68	Threonine (%)
0.11	0.14	0.17	Tryptophan (%)
0.41	0.52	0.62	Valine (%)
1.00	1.00	1.00	Linoleic acid (%)
0.60	0.70	0.80	Calcium (%)
0.30	0.35	0.40	Phosphorus, available (%)
0.25	0.30	0.40	Potassium (%)
0.15	0.15	0.15	Sodium (%)
0.12	0.12	0.15	Chlorine (%)
400	500	600	Magnesium (mg)
30	30	60	Manganese (mg)
35	35	40	Zinc (mg)
60	60	80	Iron (mg)
6	6	8	Copper (mg)
0.35	0.35	0.35	Iodine (mg)
0.10	0.10	0.15	Selenium (mg)
1,500	1,500	1,500	Vitamin A (IU)
200	200	200	Vitamin D (ICU)
5	5	10	Vitamin E (IU)
0.50	0.50	0.50	Vitamine K (mg)
1.80	1.80	3.60	Riboflavin (mg)
10.0	10.0	10.0	Pantothenic acid (mg)
11.0	11.0	27.0	Niacin (mg)
0.003	0.003	0.009	Vitamin B12 (mg)
500	900	1,300	Choline (mg)
0.10	0.10	0.15	Biotin (mg)
0.25	0.25	0.55	Folacin (mg)
1.3	1.3	1.8	Thiamin (mg)
3.0	3.0	3.0	Pyridoxine (mg)

* These are typical dietary energy concentrations.

Table 2. Nutrient requirements of leghorn-type chickens as percentages or as milligrams or units per kilogram of diet. (Continued.)
Laying, daily
intake per

Breeding	hen (mg) **	Laying	Energy base
2,900		2,900	Kcal ME/kg diet *
14.5	16,000	14.5	Protein (%)
0.68	750	0.68	Arginine (%)
0.50	550	0.50	Glycine and serin (%)
0.16	180	0.16	Histidine (%)
0.50	550	0.50	Isoleucine (%)
0.73	800	0.73	Leucine (%)
0.64	700	0.64	Lysine (%)
0.55	600	0.55	Methionine + cystine (%)
0.32	350	0.32	Methionine (%)
0.80	880	0.80	Phenylalanine + tyrosine (%)
0.40	440	0.40	Phenylalanine (%)
0.45	500	0.45	Threonine (%)
0.14	150	0.14	Tryptophan (%)
0.55	600	0.55	Valine (%)
1.00	1,100	1.00	Linoleic acid (%)
3.40	3,750	3.40	Calcium (%)
0.32	350	0.32	Phosphorus, available (%)
0.15	165	0.15	Potassium (%)
0.15	165	0.15	Sodium (%)
0.15	165	0.15	Chlorine (%)
500	55	500	Magnesium (mg)
60	3.30	30	Manganese (mg)
65	5.50	50	Zinc (mg)
60	5.50	50	Iron (mg)
8	0.88	6	Copper (mg)
0.30	0.03	0.30	Iodine (mg)
0.10	0.01	0.10	Selenium (mg)
4,000	440	4,000	Vitamin A (IU)
500	55	500	Vitamin D (ICU)
10	0.55	5	Vitamin E (IU)
0.50	0.055	0.50	Vitamine K (mg)
3.80	0.242	2.20	Riboflavin (mg)
10.0	0.242	2.20	Pantothenic acid (mg)
10.0	0.10	10.0	Niacin (mg)
0.004	0.00044	0.004	Vitamin B12 (mg)
?	?	?	Choline (mg)
0.15	0.011	0.10	Biotin (mg)
0.35	0.0275	0.25	Folacin (mg)
0.80	0.088	0.80	Thiamin (mg)
4.50	0.33	3.0	Pyridoxine (mg)

* These are typical dietary energy concentrations.
** Assumes an average daily intake of 110 g of feed/hen daily.

Table 3. Body weights and feed requirements of leghorn-type pullets and hens.

Typical egg production ( hen-day %)	Feed consumption ( g/week ) **	Body weight (g) *	Age (weeks)
--	45	35	0
--	90	135	2
--	180	270	4
--	260	450	6
--	325	620	8
--	385	790	10
--	430	950	12
--	460	1,060	14
--	460	1,160	16
--	460	1,260	18
--	460	1,360	20
10	525	1,425	22
38	595	1,500	24
64	665	1,575	26
88	770	1,725	30
80	770	1,815	40
74	765	1,870	50
68	755	1,900	60
62	740	1,900	70

* Pullets and hens of Leghorn-type strains are generally fed ad libitum but are occasionally control-fed to limit body weights. Values shown are typical but will vary with strain differences, season and lighting. Specific breeder guidelines should be consulted for desired schedules of weights and feed consumption.
** Based on diets containing 2,900 ME kcal/kg, consumption will vary depending upon the caloric density of the diet, environ- mental temperature and rate of production.

Table 4. Nutrient requirements of broilers as percentages or as milligrams or units per kilogram of diet.

Weeks 6-8	Weeks 3-6	Weeks 0-3	Energy base kcal
3,200	3,200	3,200	ME/kg diet *
18.0	20.0	23.0	Protein (%)
1.00	1.20	1.44	Arginine (%)
0.70	1.00	1.50	Glycine + Serine (%)
0.26	0.30	0.35	Histidine (%)
0.60	0.70	0.80	Isoleucine (%)
1.00	1.18	1.35	Leucine (%)
0.85	1.00	1.20	Lysine (%)
0.60	0.72	0.93	Methionine + Cystine (%)
0.32	0.38	0.50	Methionine (%)
1.00	1.17	1.34	Phenylalanine + Tyrosine (%)
0.54	0.63	0.72	Phenylalanine (%)
0.68	0.74	0.80	Threonine (%)
0.17	0.18	0.23	Tryptophan (%)
0.62	0.72	0.82	Valine (%)
1.00	1.00	1.00	Linoleic acid (%)
0.80	0.90	1.00	Calcium (%)
0.35	0.40	0.45	Phosphorus, available (%)
0.30	0.35	0.40	Potassium (%)
0.15	0.15	0.15	Sodium (%)
0.15	0.15	0.15	Chlorine (%)
600	600	600	Magnesium (mg)
60.0	60.0	60.0	Manganese (mg)
40.0	40.0	40.0	Zinc (mg)
80.0	80.0	80.0	Iron (mg)
8.0	8.0	8.0	Copper (mg)
0.35	0.35	0.35	Iodine (mg)
0.15	0.15	0.15	Selenium (mg)
1,500	1,500	1,500	Vitamin A (IU)
200	200	200	Vitamin D (ICU)
10	10	10	Vitamin E (IU)
0.50	0.50	0.50	Vitamin K (mg)
3.60	3.60	3.60	Riboflavin (mg)
10.0	10.0	10.0	Pantothenic acid (mg)
11.0	27.0	27.0	Niacin (mg)
0.003	0.009	0.009	Vitamin B12 (mg)
500	850	1,300	Choline (mg)
0.10	0.15	0.15	Biotin (mg)
0.25	0.55	0.55	Folacin (mg)
1.80	1.80	1.80	Thiamin (mg)
2.5	3.0	3.0	Pyridoxine (mg)

* These are typical dietary energy concentrations.

Table 5. Nutrient requirements of turkeys as percentages or as milligrams or units per kilogram of feed. (Table is split into two sections.)

Sex - Age (weeks)

M(12-16)F(11-14)	M(8-12) F(8-11)	M(4-8) F(4-8)	M(0-4) F(0-4)	Energy base
3,100	3,000	2,900	2,800	kcal ME/kg diet *
19	22	26	28	Protein (%)
1.1	1.25	1.5	1.6	Arginine (%)
0.7	0.8	0.9	1.0	Glycine + serine (%)
0.39	0.46	0.54	0.58	Histidine (%)
0.75	0.85	1.0	1.1	Isoleucine (%)
1.3	1.5	1.75	1.9	Leucine (%)
1.0	1.3	1.5	1.6	Lysine (%)
0.65	0.75	0.9	1.05	Methionine + cystine (%)
0.33	0.38	0.45	0.53	Methionine (%)
1.2	1.4	1.65	1.8	Phenylalanine+tyrosine(%)
0.7	0.8	0.9	1.0	Phenylalanine (%)
0.68	0.79	0.93	1.0	Threonine (%)
0.18	0.2	0.24	0.26	Tryptophan (%)
0.8	0.94	1.1	1.2	Valine (%)
0.8	0.8	1.0	1.0	Linoleic acid (%)
0.75	0.85	1.0	1.2	Calcium (%)
0.38	0.42	0.5	0.6	Phosphorus,available (%)
0.5	0.5	0.6	0.7	Potassium (%)
0.12	0.12	0.15	0.17	Sodium (%)
0.12	0.14	0.14	0.15	Chlorine (%)
600	600	600	600	Magnesium (mg)
60	60	60	60	Manganese (mg)
40	50	65	75	Zinc (mg)
60	60	60	80	Iron (mg)
6	6	8	8	Copper (mg)
0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	Iodine (mg)
0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	Selenium (mg)
4,000	4,000	4,000	4,000	Vitamin A (IU)
900	900	900	900	Vitamin D (ICU) **
10	10	12	12	Vitamin E (IU)
0.8	0.8	1.0	1.0	Vitamin K (mg)
3.0	3.0	3.6	3.6	Riboflavin (mg)
9.0	9.0	11.0	11.0	Pantothenic acid (mg)
50.0	50.0	70.0	70.0	Niacin (mg)
0.003	0.003	0.003	0.003	Vitamin B12 (mg)
1,100	1,300	1,600	1,900	Choline (mg)
0.125	0.15	0.2	0.2	Biotin (mg)
0.8	0.8	1.0	1.0	Folacin (mg)
2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	Thiamin (mg)
3.5	3.5	4.5	4.5	Pyridoxine (mg)

* These are typical ME concentrations for corn-soy diets. Different ME values may be appropriate if other ingredients predominate.
** These concentrations of vitamin D are satisfactory when the dietary concentrations of calcium and available phosphorus conform with those in this table.

Table 5. Nutrient requirements of turkeys as percentages or as milligrams or units per kilogram of feed. (Continued.)

Breeding		Sex – Age (weeks)
hens	Holding	M(20-24) F(17-20)	M(16-20) F(14-17)	Energy base
2,900	2,900	3,300	3,200	kcal ME/kg diet *
14	12	14	16.5	Protein (%)
0.6	0.6	0.8	0.95	Arginine (%)
0.5	0.4	0.5	0.6	Glycine + serine (%)
0.3	0.25	0.29	1.1	Histidine (%)
0.5	0.45	0.55	0.65	Isoleucine (%)
0.5	0.5	0.95	1.1	Leucine (%)
0.6	0.5	0.65	0.8	Lysine
0.4	0.4	0.45	0.55	Methionine + cystine (%)
0.2	0.2	0.23	0.28	Methionine (%)
1.0	0.8	0.9	1.05	Phenylalanine + tyrosine (%)
0.55	0.4	0.5	0.6	Phenylalanine (%)
0.45	0.4	0.5	0.59	Threonine (%)
0.13	0.1	0.13	0.15	Tryptophan (%)
0.58	0.5	0.6	0.7	Valine (%)
1.0	0.8	0.8	0.8	Linoleic acid (%)
2.25	0.5	0.55	0.65	Calcium (%)
0.35	0.25	0.28	0.32	Phosphorus,available (%)
0.6	0.4	0.4	0.4	Potassium (%)
0.15	0.12	0.12	0.12	Sodium (%)
0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	Chlorine (%)
600	600	600	600	Magnesium (mg)
60	60	60	60	Manganese (mg)
65	40	40	40	Zinc (mg)
60	50	50	50	Iron (mg)
8	6	6	6	Copper (mg)
0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	Iodine (mg)
0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	Selenium (mg)
4,000	4,000	4,000	4,000	Vitamin A (IU)
900	900	900	900	Vitamin D (ICU) **
25	10	10	10	Vitamin E (IU)
1.0	0.8	0.8	0.8	Vitamin K (mg)
4.0	2.5	2.5	2.5	Riboflavin (mg)
16.0	9.0	9.0	9.0	Pantothenic acid (mg)
30.0	40.0	40.0	40.0	Niacin (mg)
0.003	0.003	0.003	0.003	Vitamin B12 (mg)
1.000	800	800	950	Choline (mg)
0.15	0.100	0.100	0.100	Biotin (mg)
1.0	0.7	0.7	0.7	Folacin (mg)
2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	Thiamin (mg)
4.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	Pyridoxine (mg)

* These are typical ME concentrations for corn-soy diets. Different ME values may be appropriate if other ingredients predominate.
** These concentrations of vitamin D are satisfactory when the dietary concentrations of calcium and available phosphorus conform with those in this table.

Table 6. Growth rate, feed and energy consumption of large-type turkeys. (Table is split into two sections.)

Cumulative feed		Weekly feed				Age (weeks)
Consumption (kg)		Consumption (kg)		Body weight (kg)
F	M	F	M	F	M
0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.11	0.11	1
0.27	0.30	0.17	0.20	0.24	0.27	2
0.66	0.75	0.39	0.45	0.47	0.58	3
1.12	1.36	0.46	0.61	0.70	1.0	4
1.72	2.06	0.60	0.70	1.1	1.5	5
2.48	2.92	0.76	0.86	1.6	2.0	6
3.37	4.00	0.89	1.08	2.1	2.6	7
4.41	5.30	1.04	1.30	2.6	3.3	8
5.59	6.81	1.18	1.51	3.1	4.0	9
6.93	8.59	1.34	1.78	3.7	4.7	10
8.40	10.58	1.47	1.99	4.3	5.5	11
9.99	12.83	1.59	2.25	4.8	6.3	12
11.69	15.34	1.70	2.51	5.3	7.1	13
13.44	18.00	1.75	2.66	5.8	8.0	14
15.26	20.89	1.82	2.89	6.3	8.8	15
17.18	23.94	1.92	3.05	6.7	9.7	16
19.21	27.03	2.03	3.13	7.1	10.5	17
21.28	30.34	2.07	3.27	7.5	11.3	18
23.43	33.77	2.15	3.43	7.8	12.1	19
25.66	37.37	2.23	3.60	8.1	12.8	20
--	41.08	--	3.71	--	13.5	21
--	44.90	--	3.82	--	14.2	22
--	48.84	--	3.94	--	14.8	23
--	52.89	--	4.05	--	15.4	24

Table 6. Growth rate, feed and energy consumption of large-type turkeys. (Continued.)

ME consumption
Per week (Mcal)		Body weight (kg)		Age (weeks)
F	M	F	M	Age (weeks)
0.30	0.30	0.11	0.11	1
0.50	0.60	0.24	0.27	2
0.80	1.1	0.47	0.58	3
1.2	1.7	0.70	1.0	4
1.6	2.3	1.1	1.5	5
2.1	2.9	1.6	2.0	6
2.6	3.5	2.1	2.6	7
3.1	4.1	2.6	3.3	8
3.6	4.8	3.1	4.0	9
4.1	5.2	3.7	4.7	10
4.6	5.7	4.3	5.5	11
5.1	6.3	4.8	6.3	12
5.5	7.1	5.3	7.1	13
5.8	7.8	5.8	8.0	14
6.1	8.4	6.3	8.8	15
6.4	8.8	6.7	9.7	16
6.7	9.6	7.1	10.5	17
6.9	10.2	7.5	11.3	18
7.1	10.9	7.8	12.1	19
7.3	11.6	8.1	12.8	20
--	12.5	--	13.5	21
--	12.9	--	14.2	22
--	13.2	--	14.8	23
--	13.5	--	15.4	24

Nutrient Requirements of Chickens and Turkeys

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